Hardware spring stamping parts, metal stamping parts drawing parts processing
Material selection is the foundation
The first step for stamping and drawing stainless steel parts is to select the right material. Common outsourced processing manufacturers will choose 304 or 316 stainless steel according to the drawing requirements. This kind of material has good ductility and is suitable for processing and stamping of small hardware parts , and is suitable for repeated deformation. If the material is not selected properly, it can easily lead to cracking or springback, which will affect subsequent processes.
Different grades of stainless steel have significant differences in strength. The stainless steel called 201 is relatively low-cost, but its molding performance is average, and it is especially suitable for simple stretching. For home appliance casings or related automobile parts that have high requirements, materials above 304 must be used. Only in this way can the finished product be guaranteed to be in a stable dimensional state and have a smooth surface.
Mold design determines success or failure
The fillet radius and gap size of the mold can directly play a decisive role in product quality. The experience often used by outsourced processing plants is that the radius of the concave mold should be five to eight times the thickness of the plate, and the gap between the convex and concave molds should be accurately adjusted according to the material thickness. If the gap is too small, the surface will be scratched. If the gap is too large, it will wrinkle.
What can improve production efficiency and life is a reasonable mold structure. Many processing plants add blank holder designs to deep drawing molds to effectively control the material flow direction. Most mold steels are Cr12MoV or SKD11. After heat treatment, the hardness reaches 58 to 60 hrc, and its wear resistance is even stronger.
Lubrication process is essential
During the stamping and stretching period, excessive friction is the key cause of cracks. Proper selection of lubricants can significantly alleviate die wear. Water-soluble drawing oil is suitable for rough drawing processing of stainless steel. It has good lubrication properties and is easy to clean. At this stage of fine drawing, special drawing grease is usually used. This special drawing grease has the characteristics of strong adhesion.
The coating method of lubricant has an impact on the effect. Most automated production lines use a spray system for small hardware parts processing and stamping process to ensure that the surface of each plate can be evenly covered. During manual operation, pay attention to the control of the amount. If the amount is too much, it will cause pollution to the environment. If the amount is too little, the lubrication effect will not be achieved. It is important to clean the residue on the mold regularly.
Parameter control should be strict
If the stamping speed is too fast, the material will not have time to flow and cracks will occur. Experienced operators usually control the stroke speed between 800 and 1,200 times per hour. The specific value is adjusted according to the shape and thickness of the product. The pressure setting also plays an extremely important role. If the pressure is too high, the stool will easily break. If the pressure is too low, the stool will not wrinkle, but the molding will be unsatisfactory.
The tonnage of the selected press must match the product demand. Deep-drawn parts require larger tonnage. However, the equipment must be prevented from overloading. Modern CNC punch presses are equipped with pressure sensors, which can monitor in real time and automatically adjust parameters to reduce human errors and thereby improve product consistency.
There are ways to prevent defects
The most common shortcomings of deep-drawn parts are cracks and wrinkles. The occurrence of cracks is generally due to the obstruction of material flow or insufficient lubrication. Hardware spring stamping parts, and metal stamping parts drawing parts processing. In this case, the die gap and lubrication status need to be checked. Wrinkles are mostly due to insufficient blank holder force or the material is too thin. In this case, the blank holder force can be appropriately increased or a thicker specification plate can be replaced.
Springback deformation is another common situation. Stainless steel has a high elastic modulus and is prone to rebound after molding. The solution is to compensate in the mold design or add a shaping process. Some manufacturers will perform low-temperature stress relief annealing after stretching, which can effectively stabilize product dimensions.
Quality inspection cannot be relaxed
The product enters the finished product inspection stage, which is a key and important link to ensure quality. For the outer dimensions, calipers or inspection tools must be used to measure piece by piece. The stamping process of small hardware parts of products with extremely strict tolerance requirements must be inspected by the second dimension. There must be no obvious scratches, pits or rust on the product surface. The common method is to use reflective inspection.
Before batch delivery, samples need to be retained and records must be archived. For qualified products, they must be classified and packaged according to specifications to prevent collision and deformation during transportation. Unqualified products must be scrapped or reworked in time to prevent them from flowing into the next process. A complete traceability system allows customers to purchase with confidence.
During actual production, what kind of stamping and drawing defects have you encountered? You are welcome to share your own experience in the comment area.
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